IMBALI YENYANGA YOKUZIQINISA ITHETHA KAKHULU OKUNGAKUMBI KWIMIBHYOYIZO NAMHLANJE
Ilanga ayisiyiyo yodwa into ephuma ngoJuni. Umnyama iiflegi qalisa nokuvela kwiifestile zeofisi yeshishini, iivenkile zekofu, kunye neyadi yangaphambili yommelwane wakho. Inyanga kaJuni ibe yinyanga engekho semthethweni yokubhiyoza iminyaka emininzi. Nangona imvelaphi yeNyanga yeQhayiya iqala ngeminyaka yoo-'50s, uMongameli uBill Clinton uyenzile ngokusesikweni "iNyanga yokuZingca kweGay kunye neLesbian" ngo-2000. Umongameli uBarack Obama uye wayenza yaquka ngakumbi ngo-2011, wayibiza ngokuba yiLesbian, Gay, Bisexual, kunye neTransgender Pride. Inyanga. Nokuba uyibiza ngantoni, iNyanga yeQhayiya inembali etyebileyo eyazisa ukuba igcinwa njani namhlanje.
Iqhayiya Liwonga uqhanqalazo lwamaLungelo amaGay kwi-'60s
Xa bebuzwa ukuba yaqala nini intshukumo yamalungelo abantu abathandanayo kweli lizwe, abantu badla ngokukhomba ngomhla wama-28 kuJuni ngo-1969: ubusuku beZixholoxholo zeStonewall. Kodwa uCaitlin McCarthy, umgcini weZiko, iziko lasekuhlaleni le-LGBTQ kwisiXeko saseNew York, ucacisa ukuba uqhushululu lweStonewall lwaluyenye yezinto ezininzi. "Uvukelo olukhokelwa yi-QTPOC njengaleyo yase-Stonewall kunye ne-Haven eNew York, i-Cooper Donuts kunye ne-Black Cat Tavern e-LA, kunye ne-Compton's Cafeteria e-San Francisco yayizimpendulo zokuxhatshazwa kwamapolisa kunye nenkohlakalo," uMcCarthy uthi.
I-Pride yokuqala kaMatshi - i-rally e-NYC ngoMgqibelo wokugqibela ngoJuni - yabizwa ngokuba yi-Christopher Street Liberation Day ngokuhlonipha udushe lwe-Stonewall. (Isitalato uChristopher likhaya elibonakalayo leStonewall Inn.) “IKomiti yoSuku lweNkululeko yaseChristopher Street yasekwa ukuba ikhumbule unyaka omnye wovukelo lweStonewall ngoJuni ka-1969 ngomngcelele osuka kwiLali yaseNtshona elandelwa 'yi-gay be- kwindibano eCentral Park,” utshilo uMcCarthy. Oku kuye kwamnceda uSton
I-Pride yokuqala kaMatshi - i-rally e-NYC ngoMgqibelo wokugqibela ngoJuni - yabizwa ngokuba yi-Christopher Street Liberation Day ngokuhlonipha udushe lwe-Stonewall. (Isitalato uChristopher likhaya elibonakalayo leStonewall Inn.) “IKomiti yoSuku lweNkululeko yaseChristopher Street yasekwa ukuba ikhumbule unyaka omnye wovukelo lweStonewall ngoJuni ka-1969 ngomngcelele osuka kwiLali yaseNtshona elandelwa 'yi-gay be- kwindibano eCentral Park,” utshilo uMcCarthy. Oku kwanceda ukuqinisa iStonewall njengesona siseko samkelwa ngokwenkcubeko yeQhayiya.
Trans & Gender Non-conforming Folks of Color Qalisa Ikratshi
Abantu abaninzi baqhelene nentshukumo yenguqu kaMarsha P. Johnson kunye noSylvia Rivera, uMcCarthy uthi. UJohnson kunye noRivera baseka i-STAR, iStreet Transvestite Action Revolutionaries, eququzelele izenzo ezithe ngqo ezinje ngokuhlala kunye nokubonelela ngekhusi kubathengisi ngesondo kunye nolunye ulutsha lwe-LGBTQ olungenamakhaya. Omabini la matshantliziyo ayekwangamalungu eqela elichasene nongxowankulu, iqela lamazwe ngamazwe iGay Liberation Front (GLF), elaliququzelela uqhankqalazo, libambe imidaniso yokunyusa ingxowa-mali yokunceda abantu abangoontamo-lukhuni abasweleyo, baze bapapasha iphephandaba lesitabane elithi Come Out!.
UMcCarthy uxelele uBustle ukuba uJohnson kunye noRivera abancinci abaziwayo (kodwa abangabalulekanga ngaphantsi) baquka uZazu Nova, ilungu le-GLF kunye ne-STAR; I-Stormé Delarverie, i-drag king kunye ne-emcee ye-trans and drag-centered totour company Jewel Box Revue; kunye noLani Ka'ahumanu, owaseka iBay Area Bisexual Network.
"Ukuzingca kweGay" Kutshintshwe "Amandla amaGay" kwi-1970s
Ngokutsho kwenqaku lika-2006 elapapashwa kwiphephancwadi iAmerican Sociological Review, “amandla amafanasini” yayisisilogeni esiqhelekileyo esasisetyenziswa kushicilelo olungekho ngqiqweni nakuqhanqalazo ngeminyaka yee-'60s nasekuqaleni kwee'70s. Amaqela amaninzi asekuhlaleni asuka kwintshukumo yeBlack Power kunye neradical queer organisation akwazile ukumanyana ngokuchasene nenkohlakalo yamapolisa ngeminyaka yee-'70s. Le ntsebenziswano yenza ukusetyenziswa kwe "gay power" ngeli xesha mhlawumbi akumangalisi.
"Ulungelelwaniso olugqibeleleyo, oluphenjelelwa kunye nekonsathi echasene nobuhlanga kunye nemfazwe, lulandele [iStonewall]," uMcCarthy uthi. “Uqhanqalazo, ukuhlaliswa kwabantu kunye namanyathelo athe ngqo aqhutywe kwaye athatha inxaxheba ngamaqela alwela inkululeko afana neGay Liberation Front, iStreet Transvestite Action Revolutionaries, iDyketactics kunye neCombahee River Collective ifune utshintsho olumandla kwisiseko sengcinezelo eqhubekayo.
Ulonyulo lweMbali eyiMbali yeSizwe ye-Stonewall Inn, eyenziwe ngo-1999 kwiSebe lase-United States Ngaphakathi, Kwakhona kuphawulwe ukuba "amandla ama-gay" asetyenziswe kunokuba "ukuzingca kwe-gay" kwiindawo ezininzi. Nangona i-activist uCraig Schoonmaker ehlala enconywa ngokuvakalisa ibinzana elithi "gay pride" (ngokuchaseneyo namandla) ngo-1970, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba umbono wakhe oququzelelayo wawungabandakanywa kwiilesbians. Namhlanje, "ikratshi" lisetyenziswa njenge-shorthand ukubhekisa kwimibhiyozo ye-LGBTQ kunye noqhanqalazo ngokufanayo.
Ijongeka njani iNyanga yeQhayiya namhlanje
Ngaphandle kwezi ngcambu zinkulu, iiglasi zelanga ze-Pride ezixhaswe yinkampani kunye neelogo zenkampani ezitshizwe ngumnyama okwethutyana ziimpawu zeNyanga zokuzingca zangoku. Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba neenkampani ezinkulu ezixhasa uqhagamshelo lwentengiso olungenambeko kwimbali yeQhayiya. Ukutsho: Udushe lweStonewall oluchazwa ngabantu abaninzi njengemvelaphi yeQhayiya yayiyimpendulo ethe ngqo kugqogqo lwamapolisa kunye nenkohlakalo, kodwa iqhaga leqhayiya namhlanje lidla ngokukhatshwa ngabakhaphi bamapolisa. Ngokubhekiselele kuqhanqalazo luka-2020 lwe-Black Life Matter, nangona kunjalo, imibutho ye-Pride iphinda iqwalasela izikhundla zayo kumapolisa e-Pride, abanye bathatha isigqibo sokuvala amapolisa ekumatshiseni e-Pride de kube kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno ezithile zohlaziyo lobulungisa bobuhlanga.
Abantu abaninzi be-LGBTQ+ baqaphela ukuba inyanga enye yokubonakala ngaphandle kwe-12 ayanelanga ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokulingana kwabantu abangaqhelekanga, ngelixa abanye bephikisana ukuba nenyanga yeeflegi zomnyama zibhabha kwindawo yakho ekujoliswe kuyo ingcono kunokuthula. (Abaseki abakhulu bombutho weQhayiya ngekhe bavume ukuthula, ngokunjalo.) Nokuba ulibhiyozela njani iQhayiya, ukwazi imbali yalo kunokukunika amava agcweleyo enyanga - kunye noxabiso olunzulu ngendlela eyenziwe ngayo. .
Shiya iMpendulo