ZAKALE ZA LGBTQ ZIMENE MUYENERA KUDZIWA, GAWO 5
Kuchokera kwa omwe mumawadziwa mpaka omwe simukuwadziwa, awa ndi anthu osowa omwe nkhani zawo ndi zovuta zawo zapanga chikhalidwe cha LGBTQ ndi anthu ammudzi monga tikudziwira lero.
Lili Elbe (1882-1931)
Lili Elbe anali mayi wa ku Danish transgender komanso m'modzi mwa omwe adalandira opaleshoni yosinthira jenda.
Anabadwa Einar Magnus Andreas Wegener, ndipo anali wojambula bwino pansi pa dzina limenelo. Panthawiyi, adawonetsanso ngati Lili ndipo adadziwika poyera kuti ndi mlongo wake wa Einar.
Mu 1930, Elbe anapita ku Germany kukachita opaleshoni yosintha amuna ndi akazi, yomwe inali yoyeserera kwambiri panthawiyo. Ntchito zinayi zingapo zidachitika kwa zaka ziwiri.
Atasintha bwino, adasintha dzina lake lovomerezeka kukhala Lili Ilse Elvenes ndipo adasiya kupenta palimodzi. Dzina lakuti Lili Elbe linapatsidwa kwa iye ndi mtolankhani wa Copenhagen Louise Lassen.
Elbe anayamba chibwenzi ndi Claude Lejeune, wogulitsa zojambulajambula ku France, yemwe ankafuna kukwatira komanso kubereka ana. Ankayembekezera mwachidwi opaleshoni yake yomaliza yodzamuika m’chiberekero.
Komabe, chitetezo cha m’thupi mwake chinakana chiberekero choikidwacho, ndipo anayamba kudwala. Anamwalira mu 1931, miyezi itatu atachitidwa opaleshoni, chifukwa cha kumangidwa kwa mtima chifukwa cha matendawa ali ndi zaka 48.
Moyo wa Lili unabweretsedwa pachiwonetsero chachikulu mu kanema wa 2015 Msungwana waku Danish ndi Eddie Redmayne yemwe adayimba ngati iye.
Keith Haring (1958-1990)
Keith Haring anali wojambula waku America yemwe zojambula zake za pop ndi zojambula ngati zojambula zidakula kuchokera ku chikhalidwe chamsewu cha New York City cha m'ma 1980.
Pambuyo podziwika ndi anthu adapanga ntchito zazikulu monga zojambula zokongola.
Ntchito yake pambuyo pake nthawi zambiri imayang'ana pazandale komanso zachikhalidwe - makamaka kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ndi Aids - kudzera muzithunzi zake.
Haring anali wachiwerewere poyera ndipo anali wolimbikitsa kwambiri kugonana kotetezeka, komabe, mu 1988, adapezeka ndi Aids.
Kuchokera ku 1982 mpaka 1989, adawonetsedwa pazowonetsera solo ndi gulu zopitilira 100 komanso adapanga zojambula zopitilira 50 m'mabungwe ambiri othandizira, zipatala, malo osamalira ana amasiye, ndi nyumba za ana amasiye.
Anagwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zake m'zaka zomaliza za moyo wake kuti alankhule za matenda ake komanso kuyambitsa chidwi ndi kuzindikira za Aids.
Mu 1989, adakhazikitsa Keith Haring Foundation kuti apereke ndalama ndi zithunzi ku mabungwe a Aids ndi mapulogalamu a ana, ndikukulitsa omvera pa ntchito yake kudzera mu ziwonetsero, zofalitsa ndi chilolezo cha zithunzi zake.
Haring anamwalira pa February 16, 1990, ndi matenda okhudzana ndi Aids ali ndi zaka 31. Amakumbukiridwa mu Aids Memorial Quilt.
Madonna adalengeza kuti tsiku loyamba la New York paulendo wake wa Blond Ambition World Tour mu 1990 likhala konsati yopindulitsa kwa Haring ndipo adapereka ndalama zonse kuchokera ku malonda ake a matikiti ku mabungwe othandizira Aids.
Larry Kramer (1935-2020)
Larry Kramer anali wolemba sewero waku America, wolemba, wopanga mafilimu, woyimira zaumoyo wa anthu, komanso womenyera ufulu wa LGBT.
Kramer adakhumudwitsidwa ndi ziwalo zogwirira ntchito komanso kusalabadira kwa amuna ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ku vuto la Aids ndipo adayambitsa GMHC (poyamba yotchedwa Gay Men's Health Crisis) ndi ACT UP (mgwirizano wa Aids to Unleash Power), mabungwe awiri otsogola omwe adayankha. mliri wa Aids.
Mu 1988, kupsinjika kwa kutsekedwa kwa sewero lake la 'Just Say No', patadutsa milungu ingapo itatsegulidwa, kudakakamiza Kramer kulowa m'chipatala atakulitsa chophukacho chobadwa nacho. Ali mkati mwa opaleshoni, madokotala anapeza kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi chifukwa cha Hepatitis B, zomwe zinapangitsa Kramer kudziwa kuti ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV.
Anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV nthawi zambiri ankaonedwa kuti ndi osayenera kuwaika ziwalo chifukwa cha zovuta zochokera ku HIV komanso moyo wautali wautali. Mwa kusintha chiwindi 4,954 komwe kunachitika ku United States, 11 okha ndi omwe anali ndi kachilombo ka HIV.
Kramer, yemwe adakwatirana ndi bwenzi lake lalitali David Webster mu 2013 atatha zaka 22 ali limodzi, adakhala chizindikiro kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo omwe adakhala ndi moyo watsopano chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwachipatala.
Rock Hudson (1925-1985)
Rock Hudson anali wochita sewero waku America, yemwe amadziwika kuti anali mtsogoleri m'zaka za m'ma 1950 ndi 1960 ndipo amawonedwa ngati "wopwetekedwa mtima" wa Hollywood Golden Age.
Ngakhale kuti Hudson anali wanzeru zachinsinsi chake m'moyo wake wonse, mfundo yakuti anali gay inali yodziwika mu makampani opanga mafilimu.
Mu 1955, magazini ya Confidential inawopseza kufalitsa nkhani yokhudza kugonana kwachinsinsi kwa Hudson.
Pasanapite nthawi yachinsinsi, Hudson anakwatira mlembi wa Henry Willson Phyllis Gates. Anasumira chisudzulo pambuyo pa zaka zitatu mu April 1958, ponena za nkhanza zamaganizo.
Zosadziwika kwa anthu, Hudson anapezeka ndi HIV mu 1984, patangopita zaka zitatu pambuyo zikamera wa gulu loyamba la symptomatic odwala mu US, ndipo chaka chimodzi chokha chizindikiritso koyamba ndi asayansi a HIV kachilombo kamene kamayambitsa AIDS.
M’miyezi ingapo yotsatira, Hudson anasunga matenda ake mobisa ndipo anapitirizabe kugwira ntchito pamene, panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, anapita ku France ndi maiko ena kufunafuna chithandizo—kapena chithandizo chochepetsera kufalikira kwa kachilomboka.
Cha m'ma 9am pa October 2, 1985, Hudson anamwalira ali m'tulo chifukwa cha zovuta zokhudzana ndi Aids kunyumba kwake ku Beverly Hills ali ndi zaka 59, pasanathe milungu isanu ndi iwiri isanafike tsiku lobadwa lake la 60.
Iye anali munthu woyamba wotchuka kumwalira ndi matenda okhudzana ndi Edzi.
Atatsala pang'ono kumwalira Hudson anapereka koyamba mwachindunji, $250,000, kwa affAR, The Foundation for Aids Research, kuthandiza kukhazikitsa bungwe lopanda phindu lodzipereka ku kafukufuku wa AIDS/HIV ndi kupewa.
Siyani Mumakonda