ZINTHU ZAKALE ZA LGBTQ ZIMENE MUYENERA KUDZIWA, GAWO 4
Kuchokera kwa omwe mumawadziwa mpaka omwe simukuwadziwa, awa ndi anthu osowa omwe nkhani zawo ndi zovuta zawo zapanga chikhalidwe cha LGBTQ ndi anthu ammudzi monga tikudziwira lero.
Andy Warhol (1928-1987)
Andy Warhol anali wojambula waku America, wotsogolera komanso wopanga yemwe anali wotsogola pantchito yojambula zithunzi yotchedwa pop art.
Anakhala poyera ngati mwamuna wachiwerewere pamaso pa gulu la ufulu wa gay. Pofunsidwa mu 1980, adawonetsa kuti adakali namwali koma mu 1960 adalandira chithandizo chachipatala cha condylomata, matenda opatsirana pogonana.
Pa ntchito yake yonse, Warhol ankajambula zithunzi zolaula komanso zojambula zamaliseche aamuna. Ntchito zake zambiri zodziwika bwino zimachokera ku chikhalidwe cha gay mobisa kapena kufufuza poyera zovuta za kugonana ndi chilakolako.
Ntchito zoyamba zomwe Warhol adapereka kumalo osungiramo zojambulajambula, zojambula zachimuna zamaliseche zachimuna, zidakanidwa chifukwa chowonekera kwambiri.
Pambuyo pa opaleshoni ya ndulu, Warhol anamwalira ndi matenda a mtima arrhythmia mu February 1987 ali ndi zaka 58.
Barbara Gittings (1932-2007)
Barbara Gittings anali wodziwika bwino wa LGBT+ waku America ndipo adatenga nawo gawo polimbikitsa zolemba zabwino zokhudzana ndi kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha m'ma library.
Anali m'gulu la bungwe la American Psychiatric Association kuti asiye kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ngati matenda amisala mu 1972.
Anakumana ndi bwenzi lake la moyo wonse Kay Tobin mu 1961 ndipo anakhala limodzi kwa zaka 46.
Anamwalira pa February 18 mu 2007 atadwala khansa ya m'mawere kwa nthawi yaitali.
Freddie Mercury (1946-1991)
Freddie Mercury amadziwika kuti ndi m'modzi mwa oimba akulu kwambiri m'mbiri ya anthu otchuka nyimbo ndipo ankadziwika chifukwa cha siteji yake yodziwika bwino ngati mtsogoleri wa Mfumukazi komanso mawu ake amitundu inayi.
Atakulira ku Zanzibar, Mercury ndi banja lake adasamukira ku Middlesex ndipo mu 1970, woyimba wodziwika bwino adapanga gulu lodziwika bwino ndi Brian May ndi Roger Taylor.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1970, Mercury anali ndi ubale wautali ndi Mary Austin, yemwe anakhala naye kwa zaka zingapo. Pofika pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1970, adayamba chibwenzi ndi mwamuna wamwamuna wa ku America ku Elektra Records, ndipo mu 1976, Mercury anauza Austin za kugonana kwake, zomwe zinathetsa ubale wawo.
Pomwe ena amati adabisa zomwe amagonana ndi anthu, ena amati anali 'gay poyera'. Ena anena kuti adazindikira kuti ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha.
Freddie anakumana ndi Jim Hutton mu 1984 ndipo adalembedwa ntchito ngati wokonza tsitsi wa Mercury ndipo anamaliza kukakhala naye kunyumba yake ya Garden Lodge pafupifupi zaka ziwiri pambuyo pake.
Hutton, yemwe adamwalira mu 2010, adati Freddie adapezeka ndi kachilombo ka HIV mu Epulo 1987, pomwe woyimba gitala wa Mfumukazi Brian May adanena kuti mamembala a gululo adangouzidwa "atatsala pang'ono kufa."
Mercury adatsimikiza kuti adatenga kachilomboka mu 1991, tsiku lomwe adamwalira ali ndi zaka 45.
Hutton akuti anali pambali pake pomwe adapuma komaliza.
Cholowa cha Freddie sichidafa mu Queen biopic, ndakatulo yaku bohemia, ndi Rami Malek akuwonetsa nthano yanyimbo.
Mkaka wa Harvey (1930-1978)
Harvey Milk anali wandale waku America komanso woyamba kusankhidwa kukhala gay m'mbiri ya California, komwe adasankhidwa kukhala San Francisco Board of Supervisors.
Ngakhale kuti anali wandale kwambiri wa LGBT ku United States panthawiyo, ndale ndi zolimbikitsana sizinali zofuna zake zoyambirira; sanali womasuka za kugonana kwake kapena kuchita zachitukuko mpaka ali ndi zaka 40, pambuyo pa zomwe anakumana nazo mu gulu la counterculture la 1960s.
Ntchito ya ndale ya Mkaka idakhazikika pakupanga boma kulabadira anthu, kumasulidwa kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, komanso kufunikira kwa madera ozungulira mzindawu.
Pa November 27, 1978, Mkaka ndi Mayor George Moscone anaphedwa ndi Dan White, yemwe anali woyang'anira mzinda wina. Mkaka anali 48 pa nthawi ya imfa yake.
Mitembo yake inawotchedwa, ndipo phulusa lake linang’ambika. Phulusa lambiri linamwazika ku San Francisco Bay.
Phulusa lina linakutidwa ndi kukwiriridwa pansi pa msewu kutsogolo kwa 575 Castro Street, kumene Castro Camera inalipo.
Pali chikumbutso cha Mkaka ku Neptune Society Columbarium, pansi, San Francisco, California.
Ngakhale kuti anali waufupi pantchito ya ndale, Mkaka adakhala chithunzi ku San Francisco komanso wofera chikhulupiriro m'gulu la amuna kapena akazi okhaokha.
Mu 2002, Mkaka amatchedwa "mkulu wa LGBT wodziwika kwambiri komanso wotseguka kwambiri yemwe adasankhidwapo ku United States".
Mu 2008, Gus Van Sant adatsogolera biopic yotchedwa Mkaka yolembedwa ndi Dustin Lance Black yomwe idapambana kupambana Best Original Screenplay pa 2009 Academy Awards.
Siyani Mumakonda